an emergent reader struggling with letter recognition, or problems with learning sounds of letters or sound/letter corespondence |
a beginning reader struggling with blending letter sounds into words, segmenting, short and long vowel patterns, single consonant sounds, consonant blends, digraphs, vowel teams, r-controlled vowels, or inflected endings |
an “at-risk” reader, second grade or older, who doesn’t spell well, who makes frequent decoding errors which impact fluency, or who struggles with reading multi-syllabic words |
Strategies
- picture cards/key words
- alphabet flash cards
- alphabet maps
- manipulatives
- computer activities
- sound production in front of a mirror
- describing how letter sounds feel
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Strategies
- blend sound by sound
- onset/rime blending
- Elkonin boxes
- Phoneme Grapheme Mapping
- separate letters that are visually or auditorially similar
- use decodable text
- word sorts, word chains and spelling chains
- building words (Making Words)
- mapping words
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Strategies
- building words
- word chains and spelling chains
- Phoneme Grapheme Mapping
- reading decodable text
- teaching syllable types
- prefixes/suffixes
- roots and word origins
- morphemic analysis
- accented/unaccented syllables
- derivations
- flexing vowels in multi-syllabic words
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Resources
- Harcourt phonics lessons
- manipulatives (letters, tiles, etc.)
- Rode to the Code
- Earobics
- Waterford Reading Program
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Resources
- Harcourt phonics lessons
- manipulatives (letters, tiles, etc.)
- Rode to the Code
- Earobics
- Waterford Reading Program
- ABeCeDarian Reading Plan
- Phonographix
- Reading Mastery
- Words Their Way
- Making Words
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Resources
- Harcourt phonics lessons
- manipulatives (letters, tiles, etc.)
- Earobics
- ABeCeDarian Reading Plan
- Phonographix
- REWARDS
- Corrective Reading
- Words Their Way
- Teaching Phonics and Word Study in the Intermediate Grades
- Unlocking Literacy
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